1. Executive Summary Blocked drains are a common plumbing issue affecting residential, commercial, and municipal properties. They range from minor inconveniences to severe health hazards and structural damage. This report outlines the primary causes, diagnostic methods, potential consequences, effective clearing techniques, and long-term prevention strategies. Prompt action and regular maintenance are critical to minimizing costs and risks. 2. Common Causes of Blocked Drains Blockages typically result from accumulation of materials or physical damage.