Long before chess emerged as the "game of kings," its earliest ancestor was being played on cloth and wood in the courts and crossroads of ancient India. That game is Ashtāpada — a name meaning "eighty squares" in Sanskrit. Origins in the Vedic Period Ashtāpada finds its roots in the Vedic era (roughly 1500–500 BCE). While the Vedas primarily contain hymns, rituals, and philosophy, later texts and archaeological evidence suggest that board games were not merely pastimes but tools for teaching strategy, mathematics, and even cosmology.